Tuesday, September 2, 2008

Diabetes: Insulin Resistance Self-Test

Insulin Resistance Self-Test

Do you have now or have you ever had any of the following?

1. A family history of diabetes, overweight problems, abnormal
cholesterol or triglycerides, or heart disease.

2. Frequent cravings for sweet or salty, crunchy snack food.
The need to eat often or eat excessive amounts of food.

3. A difficult time losing weight even if you exercise or cut amounts of
food.

4. A problem with weight loss, even when eating small amounts of food.

5. Weight gain mostly around your waist.

5. Skin tags (small, painless, flappy skin growths) on your neck, chest,
breasts, groin area, or underarms.

7. A history of irregular menstrual periods, especially skipping months.
A history of polycystic ovarian disease.

8. High triglyceride levels.

9. Low HDL cholesterol ("good" cholesterol) levels, that is, lower than
35mg/dl.

10. High LDL cholesterol ("bad" cholesterol) levels, that is, higher than
130mg/dl.

11. High or borderline blood pressure—even during pregnancy.

12. The feeling that you are addicted to carbohydrates.

13. The feeling that you have no willpower when it comes to dieting.
Jitteriness, difficulty thinking, headaches, or nausea that goes away
when you eat.

14. Hypoglycemia.

15. Afternoon fatigue.

16. Type II diabetes, borderline diabetes, or abnormal glucose tolerance
tests—even just during pregnancy.

17. High uric acid or gout.

18. History of having a blood clot in your legs, lungs, or brain.

19. A doctor telling you that you need to eat less in order to lose
weight, yet those close to you are amazed at how little you eat.

16. The belief that you are at least thirty pounds overweight.

17. A Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher.

18. Native-American, Asian, African-American, or Hispanic ancestry.

If you have marked three or more of these, you are likely to have
insulin resistance. The more checks you have, the more likely you are
to be affected, especially if you have a family history of Type II
diabetes, high blood pressure, abnormal lipids, heart attacks, or
strokes.

If any one of the following applies to you, you are likely to have the
full insulin-resistance syndrome or Metabolic Syndrome and you are at
significant risk for developing the related health problems. High
blood pressure, Low HDL, High LDL, High triglycerides, Overweight by
at least thirty pounds, Body Mass Index of thirty or higher,
Hypoglycemic symptoms, Abnormal glucose tolerance test, High uric
acid, Native American, Hispanic, Asian, or African-American ancestry.

Diagnosing Insulin Resistance

If the results of the Insulin Self-Test is positive, you can see your
doctor for a laboratory blood test to diagnose insulin resistance.
Initially your doctor can use a simple fasting glucose level as a
guide. Any reading above 75 mg/dl of glucose would warrant further
testing. (80 to 100 mg/dl is considered normal, but these figures are
based on a sick population). A reading above 75 strongly suggests that
you have insulin resistance and further testing is strongly
recommended.

The most specific test for diagnosis of insulin resistance is a three-
hour insulin-glucose tolerance test. This laboratory test involves
drinking a pre-measured amount of a special sugar beverage. Your blood
is drawn at several hourly intervals and your insulin levels are
measured at the same time as the glucose levels. People with insulin
resistance have normal to low glucose levels and higher than normal
insulin levels.

Normal insulin levels would be in these ranges:

While fasting, an insulin level of 10 uIU/ml or lower

After one hour, an insulin level of 50 uIU/ml or lower

After two hours, an insulin level of 30 uIU/ml or lower

After three hours, an insulin level of 10 uIU/ml or lower

Research done by J.R. Kraft and colleagues in 1975 (Laboratory
Medicine 6:10-22), showed that any single level of insulin higher than
normal gives you the diagnosis of insulin resistance. This was
confirmed in 1989 by I. Savaroni and colleagues (NEJM 32:702-6).

There are certain factors that can contribute to insulin resistance
besides diet. Certain medications can increase the amount of insulin
your pancreas secretes. Some of the most common are the thiazide
diuretics like hydrochlorothaizide, and beta-blockers such as
propranolol which is often used to control high blood pressure.
Steroids, like cortisone or prednisone, also increase insulin
resistance. Synthetic progesterone-only birth control pills,
injections, or implants worsen insulin resistance. There are even
medications prescribed for diabetes control and high cholesterol that
actually exacerbate insulin resistance. If you are taking these types
of medications, talk to your doctor about their role in insulin
resistance. Maybe other effective medications could be substituted.

Caffeine, artificial sweeteners, and nicotine can all cause an
increase in insulin. So remember that a diet cola or sweetener in your
coffee, even though it has no calories, sends confusing signals to
your body. It will not raise blood glucose levels, but insulin levels
will increase. The result often leads to low blood sugar levels and
hunger.

High levels of stress can worsen insulin resistance because stress
activates our "fight or flight" survival mechanism. This stimulates
the production of the stress hormone epinephrine. Epinephrine causes
the liver and muscles to change glucose from its reserved state,
glycogen, to its active sugar form for energy. This causes the glucose
levels in your blood to rise. Insulin rises to control high glucose
levels. Increased insulin levels then signal fat storing. Learning
relaxation techniques to reduce stress can contribute to fat loss and
weight maintenance.

My name is Kamran Rezapour and I'm not only the founder; but also a Health Advisor for Nutrition for Health. I want to thank you for taking time out of your busy day to educating yourself about alternative health to addressing blood sugar problems. For years I had struggled with my own personal health battles. Like so many of us in this great country, I did everything medical doctors told me to do; unfortunately, my health battles were not getting any better.

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_________________

Kamran Rezapour-Health Advisor-Nutrition for Health-Clearwater, FL

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